Oil seals, also known as rotary shaft seals, are designed to prevent oil leaks in rotating machinery by sealing the gap between a rotating shaft and a stationary housing. Proper installation of oil seals is essential to ensure a leak-free performance, which in turn helps to extend the life of the machinery. In this article, we will go over the steps for installing oil seals correctly.
The first step in installing oil seals is to clean the surface where they will be placed. Dirt, debris, and other contaminants can cause the oil seal to become damaged or misshapen, leading to leaks. Clean the surface with a solvent or soap and water, and make sure it is completely dry before installing the oil seal.
Before you start installing oil seals, you need to choose the right size and type of oil seal for your application. Oil seals come in a variety of sizes and materials, so it's important to choose the right one for your needs. Consider factors such as temperature, pressure, and fluid compatibility when choosing an oil seal.
Before installing the oil seal, it is important to lubricate it to reduce friction and prevent damage during installation. A silicone-based lubricant is recommended for most applications. If the oil seal is to be installed in a high-temperature or high-pressure environment, a more specialized lubricant may be required.
After the oil seal is positioned in the groove, apply even pressure to the oil seal using a seal driver or a similar tool. This will help to seat the oil seal firmly in the groove and prevent it from moving during use. Make sure to apply the pressure evenly and gently, as applying too much force can damage the oil seal or cause it to deform.
After the oil seal is positioned in the groove, apply even pressure to the oil seal using a seal driver or a similar tool. This will help to seat the oil seal firmly in the groove and prevent it from moving during use. Make sure to apply the pressure evenly and gently, as applying too much force can damage the oil seal or cause it to deform.
After the oil seal has been installed, check for leaks. You can do this by applying pressure to the system and observing for any signs of a leak, such as fluid escaping from the area where the oil seal is installed. If a leak is present, you may need to remove the oil seal and start the installation process again.
Repeat the process of installing oil seals for any other locations where they are required. Be sure to follow the same steps for each installation to ensure a leak-free performance.
The oil seal should undergo thorough inspection to ensure there are no flaws or deformities. A very small scratch on the OD can cause leakage in the seal. Evaluate the bore to confirm no abrasions or residue are present. The seal and shaft should be lubricated, to ensure the lip protection during its first run.
Oil seal installation tools are recommended for use when installing rotary shaft seals, to facilitate proper engagement and decreases the likelihood of seal cocking. When using a press fitting tool (preferably pneumatic or hydraulic press), make sure the tool has an OD .01″ (.25 mm) smaller than the size of the bore.
Seal cocking is when one side of the sealing lip has greater shaft interference, which can negatively impact the oil seal’s function. This causes higher heat generation and makes the sealing lip harden and crack. In worse cases, this may dislocate the spring from the sealing lip.
When using a rubber-covered OD, the seal could spring back after installation. The rubber OD of the seal and the bore produce friction and can cause the seal to withdraw from the installation point, after being pressed in.
Described below, are incorrect ways to install an oil seal. These mistakes are seen rather frequently, however are not necessarily understood nor condemned within the industry. Incorrectly installed oil seals can be dented and contorted, thus diminishing its function. Improper installation, it will be cocked in the bore and fail in service.
Use a suitable driving ring while installing a seal. Utilizing an inappropriate driving ring can cause deformation and misalignment of the seal.
If the installation tool’s driving diameter is too small, this could cause the seal to deform during installation.
If the installation tool is not correct for the seal, this may cause deformation.
If the tool and bore do not meet evenly, the seal can become deformed and/or cocked in the bore. Thus, creating a leak path for the matter being sealed.